---

Hate speech that can briefly be defined as advocacy of hate and hatred based on nationality, race or religion, possesses a special situation in international law. Even a specific type of these speeches that leads to genocide is one of the few international crimes along with war crimes and crimes against humanity. Some events of the recent decades indicate that the racist movements, with the hate speeches as their main motive, are expanding in the world and even in the Europe that is supposed to be the pioneer of the human rights movement. This indicates the need for and the importance of discussion about this issue. This necessity has led that, besides the general prohibitions on the freedom of expression in the international instruments of human rights, some of the documents, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination have specifically mentioned the prohibition of these speeches. However, the international instruments have been divided in defining this concept. This difference that especially is between the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination on the one side and other international instruments on the other has increased the importance of this concept's understanding.

---

In the new legislations, in order to explore truth, there is a tendency to increase the adoptions of juridical judge like what it is in penal affairs. Also there is a tendency for having more trust in the judge in this field. Therefore, the rules that limit the recognition power of the judge are decreasing, and the traditional view on the basis of separation between judicial litigations and penal litigations for proof has been diminished to some extent. The principle of judicial evaluation freedom of civil evidence like penal reasons has been accepted in most of the systems at present. According to the modern purpose of civil judgment, namely the exploration of truth, the acceptance of this principle should be considered as the effect that the legislators see it as exploration of truth. According to the existence evaluation, the judicial judgment is not the agent of hostility disjunction, and he/she is not the storyteller like before, rather the principle of reasons evaluation freedom creates this possibility that, according to this possibility, the judge does not only act according to the appearance of evidence that refers to the general science, rather he/she can access to conscience continence. This is the way for access to real truth. In this article, beside offering the correct concept of evidence evaluation and relying on the possibility of judicial evaluations of all reasons, we study its effect on judgment.

---

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the impacts of International Corporate Entrepreneurship (ICE) on general performance in Halal Food Industry, with moderating part of global environmental hostility. Our data comprised of 250 firms working in Halal Food Industry in Iran and they were studied utilizing the structural equation modeling. According to the results, the firms exploit ICE activities by accomplishing higher general performance in addition to promoting export and financial performance. The results underscore the significance of ICE for organizational achievement, both in general and in foreign markets. Also, the results suggest that the perceived nature of its environmental condition, especially hostility, will affect the link between ICE and performance fundamentally. This study explored the relationship between ICE and firm performance along with the role of hostility at the international environment in this relationship. The findings of this study help bridge the gap in the literature by assessing the impact of ICE on an organization's general performance with the hostilities at the international scale playing a moderating role in this regard. This paper makes huge contribution to the current works by exploring the connection between ICE, firm performance, and global environmental hostility.

---

The COVID-19 pandemic, which has caused anxiety and fear in humans, has negatively affected the mental health of millions of people. This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 disease on mental health of Iranian rural households. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 375 rural households from October 2nd to 29^th, 2020. Data was gathered using the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and multivariable logistic regression were performed to evaluate the factors associated with mental health. High rates of paranoid ideation disorder (64.6%), interpersonal sensitivity (59.5%), and hostility (48.1%) were recorded among the Iranian rural population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Females tended to show more symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, and paranoid ideation. Additionally, gender, the number of children, amount of loans, loss of a family member or friend due to COVID-19, worry about food insecurity, exposure to news about COVID-19, and access to medical centers were significant predictors of mental health. These findings indicate the need for public policies centered on mental disorders in rural areas during the COVID19 pandemic and the need for measures to protect vulnerable groups in the rural population.