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Nowadays, more attention is being paid to customers’ satisfaction as funding decisions are made. Extension organization, which plays an important role in educating farmers, must know how far the learners are satisfied with its educational program. Accordingly, this study was conducted in Yazd Province (Iran) with the main objective of investigating the pomegranate growers’ satisfaction with their extension-education courses. A survey method was adopted for the study and 150 people were selected as sample out of 478 learners participating in the courses from 2003-2004 throughout the province. A ques-tionnaire was developed as the tool of study. The questionnaire was found to be valid and reliable (Cronbachs' alpha was 0.93). The results showed that the courses did not achieve many of their teaching objectives and were assessed as achieving their goals to a moderate extent. The contents of the courses were assessed as being comprehensive, applied, and new to a high, moderate, and low extent, respectively. The respondents are very satisfied with teachers’ characteristics and with the locality and facilities of courses, but were satis-fied with teaching methods to a low extent. They generally had a positive and favorable attitude towards the pomegranate extension-education courses. According to the study there were significant relationships between learners’ satisfaction with courses and their annual income, pomegranate yield, pomegranate production, times of participation in courses, and attitude toward the courses. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that three variables, attitude toward the courses, pomegranate yield and pomegranate production totally accounted for 77.8 percent of variations in learners’ satisfaction with the pome-granate extension-education courses.

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Differences in the persons’ individual parameters such as age, gender, weight, height and basal metabolic rate have a significant effect on the human body thermoregulation. Therefore, using the human thermal models that developed on the basis of large humanity population cannot lead to accurate results for specific individuals. Because, the individual parameters have not been considered in standard thermal comfort models and also available individual and local models are so complicated in applications; nowadays, the necessity of developing a simple and accurate individualized model is felt. In this study, some physiological parameters such as: body fat percentage, subcutaneous fat layer thickness, body heat capacity coefficient and tissue conductive resistances have been modeled from readily-available external measurement of individuals and these parameters are incorporated into three node-model algorithm structure to predict individual variations in thermal response between individuals. Three-node thermal comfort model is based on Gagge’s standard model that has been accurately estimated thermal sensation of the bare and clothed parts of the body. The model has been verified against the analytical and experimental results where a good agreement was found. In conclusion, the results indicate that the mean error in prediction of skin temperature is decreased from 1.2℃ for three-node model to 0.4℃ for the new individual model.

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Essence condition of “individual character” or “distinct”, which has been used as a standard in evaluating demanded  industrial designs for recording in the two legal systems of Europe and Australia, has entered the field of the essence condition of supporting industrial designs aiming to increase the motivation of designers and promoting the quality of  industrial designs. Setting  aside careful precision of the expert in evaluating industrial designs and altering it with the view of  informed user in evaluating the overall impression industrial design in the mentioned standard, the acceptance process of industrial designs has been changed. of course, this new view in industrial outline  has not been protected from objections and ambiguities. The original view of industrial designs in Iranian legal system has approached the essence condition of “individual character” or “distinct” by a new process toward the idiomatic definition of originality in the new law of  registering inventions and industrial designs and  Trademarks (act 86). This study wants to state its strong and weak points.  

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate perception towards climate change, level of knowledge and climate change related behavior of agricultural professionals in Hamadan Province, Iran. The statistical population of the study consisted of 360 agricultural professionals and, by using Cochran formula, sample size was determined as 121 people, who were chosen via a simple random sampling method. Data was gathered using a structured questionnaire whose face validity was confirmed through a panel of experts and its reliability was estimated using Cronbach Alpha coefficient (above 0.70). The results revealed that mean age of sample study was almost 45 years and more than half of them had MSc. and PhD. degrees. Also, results showed that 91.7% of the respondents had strong perception, and about half of the respondents had high knowledge of climate change. While a great majority (78.5%) of the respondents was willing to join the practical efforts to mitigate effects of climate change, about one-fourth indicated they were willing to sacrifice some individual benefit to solve existing problems. The results indicated a significant (P< 1%) difference between 3 major job groups, i.e. managers, faculty members, and experts, regarding climate change related behavior. Also, correlation analysis confirmed that education level, knowledge of climate change, and perception of climate change had a significant relation with climate change related behavior.