---

  Accepting differences between knowledge-based organizations and other organizations with respect to the philosophy of existence, nature of the activities and their differentiated employees, we intend to present a proper model with surveying existing models. The presented model should be applicable in the compensation system in knowledge based organizations. Components Influencing compensation systems identified and classified into two main groups of financial and non-financial and four sub-division categories through studying existing models. According to the experts, 8 main effective components in compensation of these organizations were identified. Finally, based on 8 selected components and with the exploiting of the experts opinion and using of Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) technique, a prioritizing and leveling model for compensation system of knowledge-based organizations was developed. In this designed model, nonfinancial factors such as job-related factors (job challenge and growth opportunities) and factors related to the job environment (having a floating work hours and workplace conditions) have higher priority. This means that these Factors in compensation system are more important and have more influence.  

---

The public order is one of the rules that restricts individual contractual will which has an important role in all the legal systemes. This rule that in the foreign legal writings about contracts , is studying under "the causes that invalid contracts" has not a similar state in the legal systemes of England, France and Iran. In all the adove mentioned systems, the contracts which violate public order or morals are null and void but they differ in respect of the effects of this invalidity. In all of them, enforcement of contract is impossible but there are differences in respect of possibility of restoration of consideration and possibility of brining a suit for compensation. In both England and France Law systems there are exceptions about possibility of restoration of consideration and compensation whereas there are differences between them about the type of these exceptions and the situation in which these exceptions are acted. In the Iranian legal system the enforcement of contracts Against public order is impossible also restoration of consideration and compensation (without any exception) seems to be impossible. In this article, writers have tried to discuss these subjects and criticize the traditional theory which has an age old place among Iranian Lawyers.

---

Learning strategies are amongst the tools that learners use to learn languages. In other words, learning strategies are widely introduced as techniques or methods that students often use to improve their learning skills in second language. Despite the importance of strategies and their role in accelerating and effective learning, few researches have been conducted on the impact of strategies on the success of learners in learning language skills. Also no reliable research has been done so far to study the effect of strategies on the success of non-Iranian Persian speakers. Therefore, due to the impact of using strategies on learning language skills, this study examines the impact of memory, cognitive and compensation strategies on the success of Persian language learners in writing skill. To this end, the following questions were raised:

1. Is there a significant relationship between using memory strategies and the success of non-Iranian Arabic language learners in writing skills?
2. Is there a significant relationship between using cognitive strategies and the success of non-Iranian Arabic learners in writing skills?
3. Is there a significant relationship between using compensation strategies and the success of non-Iranian Arabic learners in writing skills?
4. Is there a relation between applying total direct strategies (cognitive and compensation strategies) and the success of non-Iranian Arabic learners in writing skills?
5. Is the contribution of using each of the direct strategies the same in predicting the success of non-Iranian Arabic-speaking learners in writing skills?

According to the above questions, the following hypotheses are considered:

• Hypothesis 1: There is a significant relationship between using memory strategies and the success of non-Iranian Arabic language learners in writing skills.
• Hypothesis 2: There is a significant relationship between using cognitive strategies and the success of non-Iranian Arabic language learners in writing skills.
• Hypothesis 3: There is a significant relationship between using compensation strategies and the success of non-Iranian Arabic language learners in writing skills.
• Hypothesis 4: There is a relation between applying total direct strategies (cognitive   compensation strategies) and the success of non-Iranian Arabic learners in writing skills.
• Hypothesis 5: The contribution of using each of the direct strategies is different in predicting the success of non-Iranian Arabic-speaking learners in writing skills.

The sample of this study consists of 42 non-Iranian Arabic-speaking Persian learners (men and women) who were in age range of 18-20 years old. These learners were learning Persian language in advanced level in the fall semester 2016. Oxford Language Learning Strategies Questionnaire (1990) is used to measure application of strategies, and the students' scores in the course of writing were used to determine the relationship between language learning strategies use and Persian learners' success in writing skill. The analysis of the hypotheses was done using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression and the results of the Pearson correlation coefficient test showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the use of memory strategies with success in writing skill. In addition, according to the results of correlation coefficient, there is also a significant positive correlation between the use of compensation strategy and success in writing skills. This is despite the fact that according to the findings, there is not a significant relationship between the use of cognitive strategies and learners success in writing.  Regression analysis also indicated that among direct learning strategies, two types of memory and compensation strategies, causes success of Persian learners in is writing skill. And among these strategies, compensation strategies are more effective than memory strategies on success of Persian learners. Finally suggestions for teaching strategies in the classroom were presented.
 

 

---

Today, intellectual capital in firms is an important topic that has drawn the attention of many financial market researchers. Also, firm managers’ compensation results in more value creation. The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between intellectual capital and its components and the board of directors’ compensation at Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies. The study covered a sample of 171 companies between 2007 and 2016. Multi-variable regression and the panel data method were used to test the research hypotheses. Results of testing the hypotheses of this research using Pulic’s model (Pulic, 2000) show that even after controlling company’s board of directors’ size, debt structure (financial leverage) and the independence of the board of directors,  there is a positive and significant relationship between intellectual capital and the board of directors’ compensation. Furthermore, among the components of intellectual capital and the board of directors’ compensation, there is positive and significant relationship between the efficiency of the human capital and the efficiency of capital utilized; but the relationship between the efficiency of the structural capital and the board of directors’ compensation is positive but statistically insignificant.

---

Main problem for airborne radars in detecting of ground targets is clutter. Space-Time Adaptive Processing is newest method to confront of this signal. A two-dimensional filter puts zeros in Doppler and spatial frequencies related to spectrum of clutter.In calculating of weight vector, covariance matrix of interference signal plays an important role. In practice this matrix is unknown and must be estimated. In this paper adaptive angle-doppler compensation method (AADC) in Bistatic airborne radar is extended to achieve higher SNR in output. In this method compensation in spatial and temporal frequencies is repeated in several stages to increase homogeneity of secondary data used in estimation of covariance matrix. In this new approach subspaces related to clutter covariance matrix decomposition for secondary data are aligned with subspaces of covariance matrix in test range-gate. Simulations in MATLAB shows 3 dB improvement for new approach in comparison to conventional AADC for a spacial scenario

---

Abstract The purpose of this paper is: (a) to briefly examine the issues related to the element of compensation in the crime of forgery and to discuss different views expressed about it; and (b) to clarify ambiguities regarding the element of compensation in the crime of forgery that either have not been addressed in the writings of jurists or addressed differently with conflicting results. Therefore, the paper, firstly, describes and examines the element of compensation in the crime of forgery by relying on the opinions of the Iranian Supreme Court and the views of the criminal lawyers, and analyses the views on the basis of the Islamic Punishment Law. Secondly, it explains the conditions and factors necessary for the formation of the element of compensation in the crime of forgery. In contrary to some views that some of these factors are essential in forming the element of compensation in the crime of forgery, the present paper indicates that they are not essential and that they are just necessary conditions for forming such an element. In addition, the paper analyses the related theories and tries to find proper answers to the possible questions. Finally, the paper, by relying on various views and opinions expressed by lawyers, discusses the issue of compensation with regard to any illegal change in invalid documents.

---

By the increasing rate of flexibility in management systems including compensation systems, it is necessary to study theoretically and understand the key variables on designation of flexible compensation systems. Purpose – The purpose of this article is to study the ability of agency theory in explanation of compensation problems inrollving the cultural context and occupation features in Iranian Automotivie Induslry. Design/methodology- In this article, a conceptual model was developed in which we examined the relation of independent variable (agency theory assumptions) and dependent variables (current structure of compensation contracts and agent's tendency to arrange this structure). this relation is interfered with moderate variables (cultural dimensions and kind of occupation). In order to test the hypothesis, two active firms in automotive industry (manufacturing and service companies) were selected for sampling. It is to be mentioned that agency theory assumptions have not been examined in Iranian Automantive ludustry. Results –Test of hypothesis confirmed lots of agency theory assumptions. our findings showed that some of agency theory predictions are attenuated by cultural characteristics and most of time there is a significant relation between agency theory assumptions and occupation conditions. Conclusions - using agency theory assumptions with respect to cultural dimensions and occupation dimensions and occupation conditions in drawing up of compensation contracts will improve Iranian firm’s wage and salary systems in order to reduce agency problems and the related cost.

---

Aims: The current study aimed to investigate and assess how the abilities and rewards of Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) Committee member affect their performance, with affective commitment acting as an intermediary factor.
Instrument & Methods: This explanatory research was done on 447 members of the IPC Committee of Southeast Sulawesi. Data collection was conducted through the distribution of questionnaires to the respondents. The data analysis technique employed was structural equation modeling least squares (SEM-PLS).
Findings: The results of the data analysis revealed that employee competence, which encompasses knowledge, soft skills, hard skills, and attitudes, as well as compensation, exhibited a substantial beneficial impact on both affective commitment and the performance of committee members. Additionally, affective commitment was found to have a significant positive impact on performance.
Conclusion: Affective commitment plays a mediating role in the connection between skill, rewards, and performance of committee members.
 

---

Poetry is beyond ordinary speech due to its implicit language, weight, rhyme and the combination of its constituent elements with poetic feelings, and therefore, its translation is difficult and sometimes impossible. The main concern of the translator of the poem is to explain the special features of the original text as much as possible and to create an effectiveness poetic text in the target language. Since the words and elements of both languages ​​are not exactly the same, there is a loss of meaning in translating the poem, and the translator can compensate this loss in some way. In an analytical-descriptive approach, the present article studies the strategies of meaning loss compensation in translation of Arabic poetry and tries to present the guidelines so that translator can create a text having the same effect on the readers while sustaining the features of Arabic poetry. For this purpose, by examining the opinions of a group of experts in the field of translation about Meaning loss compensation deals with positions of meaning loss and its compensation strategies in translation of Arabic poetry into Persian at the phonetic, lexical, imaginative, stylistic and cultural levels. The present research has been done based on translation samples of some contemporary Arabic poets derived from Shafií Kadkani Arabic contemporary poetry book (2008). The findings showed that in the translation of Arabic contemporary poetry into Persian, meaning loss is occurred at the phonetic, lexical, imaginative, stylistic and cultural levels and by using compensation strategy, translator can sustain the general tone of the main text and use in place- compensation  and Kind- compensation.

1. Introduction
Translation experts believe that poetry translation is considered as difficult and valuable. The content and the form are inseparably intertwined in the poetry. The language of poetry is usually implicit not explicit. Poetry is distinguished by its musical style or rhythm, and this is a basic and unattainable feature the translator is required to translate (Baker and Saldina, 2009; Kashanian translation, 2017, p. 253). Poetry also has imagination and emotion and its purpose is to influence the feelings and emotions of the audience. Then, the constituent elements of poetry and what is presented in the image form are beyond ordinary speech, and this makes the poetry translation difficult, complex and in some cases impossible (Al-Buyeh Langroudi, 2013, p. 14).
In poetry, sounds are effective in conveying the poet's content and feelings. The poet uses his imagination to express his feelings and also pays attention to the implicit meanings of the word and uses a special style and method to express his emotions and feelings that distinguish his poetry from other poems. Poetry also expresses the cultural and linguistic issues to which it is composed. Therefore, in translating the poetry, it is important to pay attention to sounds, words, images, style of poetry and cultural issues. The main concern of the poet translator is to explain the special features of the original text as much as possible and to create a poetic text in the target language that has a similar effect on the readers (Baker and Saldina, 2017, p. 259). The imbalance of different phonetic, lexical, visual, stylistic and cultural levels of the original poem with its translation results in a loss of meaning in translation.
 
2. Questions and Hypotheses
Researchers try to answer these two questions: a) in translating Arabic poetry into Persian, at what levels may a loss of meaning occur? B) In the translation of Arabic poems into Persian, what mechanisms are used to compensate for the loss of meaning at various levels?
It is assumed that in translating Arabic poetry into Persian, there is a loss of meaning at the phonetic, lexical, visual, stylistic and cultural levels, and the translator compensates the meaning using other language tools of the target text or the same language tools elsewhere in the target text.
 
3. Research method
Given that there is a loss of meaning in the translation of literary texts especially poetry and the translator can compensate for it in some way, the positions of meaning loss and its compensation strategies in the translation of contemporary Arabic poetry into Persian have been discussed by examining the opinions of a group of translation experts including Echo, Vienna, Darblane, Hinges, Newmark, etc. about the positions of meaning loss in poetry translation and its compensation mechanisms and providing evidence of the translation of Arabic poems into Persian. Examples are selected from the book of contemporary Arabic poetry by Mohammad Reza Shafiei Kadkani, who is one of the contemporary Iranian critics and poets.
 
4. Results
Studying the opinions of some translation experts about the loss of meaning in translation and its compensation strategies, it was found that in translation and especially the translation of poetry, there is a loss of meaning and the translator can compensate for this loss. Through compensation, what is expressed in one mode in the source language is changed to another mode in the target language so that the target text can have the same effect as the original text on the audience. In translating Arabic poetry into Persian, the difference between the phonetic, lexical, visual and cultural elements of Persian and Arabic and the difference between the style of the poet and the translator can cause meaning loss at the phonetic, lexical, visual, stylistic and cultural levels. The present study offers the following solutions to compensate for this loss:
At the phonetic level, there may be a loss of meaning in the translation of puns, weight and rhyme, phonation and repetition. When the Persian equivalent of pun words in the source language is not related to each other in the target language, the translator can transfer the general tone of Arabic poetry to the Persian text by creating puns in another part of the text or by using other language industries such as phonology. In translating weight and rhyme, given the importance of these two elements in poetry, the translator should try to transfer the effect of weight and rhyme of contemporary Arabic poetry to the Persian text. The difference in words and weights of Arabic and Persian poetry prevents the translator from using the rhyme and weight of the original poem, and to compensate for the loss due to the untranslatability of the weight and rhyme, he can use different sections of the lines in translating the poem. Differences in the vocabulary of two languages ​​may cause the transliteration to be untranslatable, and it is possible for the translator to create a phonogram in another part of the destination text by repeating another letter that has the semantic characteristics of the repeated letter in the source language and to deal with compensation of untranslatability of this linguistic feature. Considering the purpose of repeating a word or phrase in the original poem, the translator can also repeat another word or phrase in the translation that is not in the original text, but the translator creates an effect similar to Arabic poetry on the audience using it.
At the lexical level, the translator can compensate for the loss of meaning in one word and in another word of the target text, which includes the semantic burden of the untranslatable word in the original text.

• Restrictions such as the difference in the weight of the poem and its translation, and the difference in the words of the source and target languages, etc., may prevent the image in the original poem from being transferred in the translation; In this case, the translator can transfer the images intended by the poet in another part of the translation.
• The difference between the style of the poet and the translator causes the words and their arrangement way in the original poem to be different from its translation, and this leads to loss in meaning. Literary re-creation and creation are suggested solutions to compensate for the loss of meaning at the style level.
• Since the audience of the target text is not familiar with the cultural issues of Arabic poetry like the audience of the source text, cultural negligence in translating poetry can be compensated by bringing a cultural equivalent and further explanation and compensational increase at the cultural level.

Therefore, in order to create a dynamic balance between the source text and the target text, translator of Arabic poetry into Persian can compensate for the loss of translation in two general ways:
- Using compensation in type: by using other linguistic tools of the target text, to create the same effect as Arabic poetry on the reader of the translation.
Using compensation in place: Compensate for the intended effect elsewhere in the target destination text, thereby compensating for the limitation of the target language in one part of the text

---

Grasping in robot gripper is an operation that is inevitably performed by prosthetic hands or industrial robots. Meanwhile, slipping of the grasped object is considered as an undesirable phenomenon in any kind of grasping. Here, the computed torque control is used in order to slip control and also guarantee the desired behavior of the closed loop system. Nevertheless, any acceleration changes of the robot’s joints before completing the response time of the slip controller, influence directly on the object position relative to the robot and causes slip phenomenon. However, the applied computed torque controller is proper for tracking trajectory but this desired trajectory will be altered according to slip occurrence. This paper introduces a method to modify the desired trajectory during grasping an object. The modification is done according to the measured slip. These methods not only control the slip of the grasped object, but also compensate it. So the object could be handled and placed in its proper position in the task space. This approach guarantees the safe grasping and moving objects according to object position relative to the gripper.

---

Reaction wheels are angular momentum exchange devices used to stabilize the position of the satellite and maneuvering. This actuator can change the momentum of the satellite to change the attitude of the system. During the process of operation, noise and disturbances arisen from the unbalancing of the wheels lead to inconvenient performance of the reaction wheels. Several works have been presented for active noise cancelation in these devices. But, the practical tools of signal processing such as filter banks and wavelets which used for offline de-noising are samples of very useful noise cancellation methods. If these toolboxes are employed for online de-noising these signal processing approaches are applicable for noisy systems such as reaction wheels. The main challenge of this strategy is delay arisen from the signal processing and this is inevitable. In this paper, a strategy of online wavelet de-noising is designed and proposed for noise cancellation in a reaction wheel. In this regards, for considering the delay compensation the method of Smith predictor is used to lead the delay of the process out of the closed loop control system. The accuracy of this algorithm requires an estimate of the system dynamics and the understanding of the delay system. According to the use of the FIR filter delay can be fully calculated. The recursive least squares used for identification reaction wheel as an estimate of the system.

---

In this paper, a method for distributed control of nonlinear Burger’s equation is proposed. In this method, first the nonlinear partial differential equation governing the system is transformed into two linear partial differential equations using the Takagi-Sugeno linearization; such that their fuzzy composition exactly recovers the original nonlinear equation. This is done to alleviate the aliasing phenomenon occuring in nonlinear equations. Then, each of the two linear equations is converted to a set of ordinary differential equations using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). Thus, the combination of Takagi-Sugeno method and FFT technique leads to two ordinary differential equation for each grid point. For the stabilization of the dynamics of each grid point, the use is made of the parallel distributed compensation method. The stability of the proposed control method is proved using the second Lyapunov theorem for fuzzy systems. In order to solve the nonlinear burger equation, a combination of FFT and finite difference methodologies is implemented for the . Simulation studies show the performance of the proposed method, for example the smaller settling time and overshoot and relatively robustness with respect to the measurement noises.

---

This paper is seeking to add a CNC G-code to hexapod CNC system. The mentioned G-code is five axis tool radius compensation. Once the tool radius is changed, especially in the case of tool size changing with tool wear in machining, a new NC program has to be recreated. Five axis tool radius compensation correct cutter path automatically. This G-code contains all the main parts of a standard code such as: interpreter, interpolator and inverse kinematics unit. The interpreter unit extracts the position and orientation from the received code and sends it to the interpolation and kinematics units to correct the errors and achieve the desired six pods lengths. In the tool radius compensation algorithm, the unique vector of the movement direction of the tool tip and the normal vector of the machining surface have been used to calculate the direction of the tool radius compensation. The offset path is calculated by offsetting the tool path along the direction of the offset vector. Accuracy of the proposed method tested with a number of experiments. The experimental results confirmed the accuracy of the proposed methods.

---

            Today it has proven essential to make a distinction between “crime and punishment” and “civil faults”, and the consent of responsibility must be categorized in either of the above two classes; hence, their effects must be a function of their general effects. It follows that with introduction of the institution of Diyat in the Iranian legal system, queries raise as how to classify and place if in the category of legal or civil institutions. Despite two other rival theories, a theory that regards admixture Diyatof the elements of both of the above classes, tries to justify all of its elements and effects. To justify benefiting a legal institution of a dual nature, proponents of this theory make reference to the punitive damages in the US legal system; the present paper endorses the possibility of a legal institution enjoying a dual nature and focuses on the rate of similarities and differences of Diyat and punitive damages.            
 

---

 to the customer in unauthorized sales. The present article aims to answer the question through a study on Islamic jurisprudence, as well as the laws of Iran, Egypt and France. The results showed that customer compensation is obscure and unclear in Iran laws, and a precise criterion has not been presented for determining it, and the judicatories have not a single procedure in this regard. In Egypt laws, customer compensations include: the value of the object of sale at the time of discovering the evidence of unauthorized sale, lawful interests of the price of the object of sale from the time of discovering the all expenses of the contract, all costs of the object of sale, and all trial expenses.  Finally, according to France laws costumer compensations include: the price of the object of sale at the time of dispossession, expenses of the contract, costs of the object of sale, and trial expenses. The comparison of the above sources offers some criteria for customer compensation in unauthorized transactions based on Iran laws: claiming contract expenses and also the expenses related to the object of sale, the price of the contract at the time of discovering the evidence of unauthorized transaction including its lawful loss from the time of discovering, claiming the possible obtainable interests, and trial expenses.  
 

---

Wearable robots are robots which are used for rehabilitation or augmentation by human. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the development of wearable devices to assist elderly as well as patients, soldiers and many other persons for movement assistance and power augmentation. On the other hand, a realization of wearable robot which has the same degree of freedom of a human is not easy from considerations about a size and weight of device. This study is about a lower limb assist robot that consist of just an actuator on each of legs. In this paper after a brief review on wearable robots and their applications, a suitable design of robot which is named RoboWalk presented with inspiring from Honda weight compensation system. In the following kinematics and dynamics modeling of system presents with using of denavit-hartenberg parameters and validates with ADAMS software results. Results with high accuracy has been achieved. It’s necessary to evaluate main foundation of design of robot which is an assistant force in the direction of foot reaction force that has been achieved with the accuracy of 0.02 radians. finally effect of change in user’s weight, position of center of mass and friction of walking assistant robot component is examined in this study.

---

Abstract The present article will discuss the issue of compensation in cases of expropriation and nationalization in the light of the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal. It is a well recognized rule in international law that the property of alien cannot be taken without appropriate compensation. But, the standard of compensation for expropriated private property has been the subject of controversy between Western and developing countries since the end of World War II. In alters woads, the standard to be applied in determining compensation remained a controversial issue at a theoretical level. The main argument has been whether the traditional standard of full compensation is a general rule of law applicable in all cases. In this article, awards of the Iran-US Claims Tribunal have been wseof in an attempt to show that the prevailed rules defy any conclusion that full compensation must be paid in all cases when foreign property is taken by the State.

---

Theoretically and empirically, it has been often argued that production uncertainty affects the farmers’ production efficiency. Insurance can play an impactful role in reducing the uncertainty and, consequently, increasing the investment. Using multilevel models, we examined the effect of agricultural insurance programs on investment in the agricultural sector of Khorasan Razavi Province. The cross sectional data was collected by using the two-stage cluster sampling method in 2012-2013. The results indicated that the insurance background, insured cultivation area, compensation payments, and all of the socio-economic variables as well as the county and climatic situations affected the farmers' willingness to invest. Hence, insurance policies should be based on climatic conditions and particularized for the local situations of the specific counties. In addition, the payments of the compensation should be on time to encourage the investments.

---

The history and evolution of civil liability of parents against their children in Iran and England’s legal systems indicate the acceptance of absolute discretion for parents regarding their children to such an extent that unconditional power of parents over the lives of their children could be put forward from a historical perspective. The result of that historical approach in the field of civil liability was parents’ immunity from civil liability, which is called "the parents’ immunity rule from civil liability against their children". However, as time passed and changes occurred in the field of tort law, history underwent a new chapter, and parents’ immunity rule from civil liability against their children was altered from its absolute and unconditional form so that children could be covered and supported by individual rights; consequently, its special protections and immunity turned into liability in numerous cases. This research demonstrates that in the current law, civil liability of parents against their children has progressed from being "personal" to the "collective" civil liability and even to the "state compensation" stage for damages incurred by children. In our legal system, along with the use of progressive views of Islamic jurisprudence in regard with "Zaman Aqele (liability of the male members of families)", part of which includes liability of Jarire and compensation by relatives and compensation by the Islamic treasury (or Beytolmal) as well, which is compensation by the government, a new viewpoint has been established toward compensation through social contracts such as insurance and social security, on the one hand, and the government, on the other. Therefore, the legislator can hold the government responsible by formation of “Civil Liability Insurance Funds” through enacting the required law for the events in which there are no sources of compensation or legal bases of financial capability for compensation. This paper illustrates the fact that the scope of the mentioned rule has been widely reduced in English law, and also the fact that its exceptional application has been accepted in Iranian law. Hence, it can be said that the rule of “parents’ immunity from civil liability” has moved out from its absolute form and has entered the history of law.  

---

Food security and its side effects is an issue that has directly or indirectly posed serious challenges to all countries in the world, especially developing countries such as Iran. Given the importance of nutrition and food consumption in household budget planning and the direct impact of prices on it, this article seeks to examine the effects of price shocks along with the nominal income compensation policy on household food security. To achieve this goal, four food groups are cereals (bread, rice and pasta), livestock products (red meat, white meat, dairy and eggs), and other agricultural products (potatoes, vegetables, fruits). Cereals and processed products (oil and sugar) were considered due to their high share in the household food basket.
Using the multi-market equilibrium model, the effects of price shocks of this group of products along with the nominal income compensation policy on the amount of calories received by households were evaluated separately for urban and rural income groups.
The results showed that the increase in income will lead the consumption pattern of poor households to consume more livestock products assuming the price of these products is stable and the consumption pattern of middle households to more consumption of agricultural products despite the increase in prices of these products. In this regard, the results showed that the sensitivity of poor households in the community, especially poor rural households to changes in income is very high. And increasing or decreasing the income of this group of households can play a decisive role in improving or weakening their food security. Therefore, it is suggested that the government men play an important role in supporting these households in the conditions of inflation in products and food, by granting subsidies and allocating the necessary funds to poor households, especially the rural poor. Due to the different influence of households with different income levels, it is necessary to establish the necessary support policies based on the income level of the household. Based on this, it is suggested to use support policies that are a combination of price and income policies for household consumption management.