Comparative Law Researches

Comparative Law Researches

Comparative Study of the Unitarianism or Pluralism Approaches regarding Security Devices within Movable Properties in the legal system of the US, England and Iran

Authors
Hamid Kabiri 1
Mohammad Issaei Tafreshi 2
Morteza SHahbazinia 3
1 PHD Student of private law, Faculty of law, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
2 2. Professor of Private Law, Faculty of law, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
3 3. Associate Professor of Private Law, Faculty of law, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Legal systems occasionally strive to meet the needs of applicants who are seeking credit by creating security devices based on the type of property, type of debt and even the way the debt has been imposed upon which gives rise to complexities in the legal systems governing secured transactions and rendering them impractical and sometimes only one security device is introduced to fulfill all demands made by applicants throughout all sectors while this measure is taken with inclusiveness and flexibility. In this paper, the two mentioned approaches are called Pluralism and Unitarianism and by examining them in the two legal systems of the US and England, we’ve answered the question in the Iran’s law that whether with respect to the mortgage contract regulations in the Civil Code of Iran and other existing miscellaneous laws and rules, specifically in the banking field which is in a distance from the mortgage contract regulations, there are numerous means for collateralizing properties and hence the pluralism approach is dominant or whether all the subject matters are categorized under the same title and therefore the Unitarianism approach is dominant. The result is that in the United States legal system and within the framework of Article 9 UCC Unitarianism, and in the England system, with various devices of security, pluralism prevails. Mortgage contract is the only security device in our country’s legal system and all the regulations passed so far are in place to moderate the traditional rules governing this devices. Therefore, our country’s legal system’s position is Unitarianism. However, this state of Unitarianism is incomplete and limited and there should be created an inclusive and all-directional system for secured transactions by amending the existing regulations in order for optimizing the efficiency of the mentioned system.
Keywords
Security device
Security interest
Secured transactions
Unitarianism
pluralism

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