قلمرو حمایت از خریدهای با حسن نیت در نظام حقوقی انگلیس،فرانسه وآلمان

نوع مقاله : مقالات علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهرانمعاون پژوهشی دانشکده حقوق
2 دانشجوی دوره دکتری حقوق خصوصی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
چکیده
حکم معاملات فضولی یکی از مهم‌ترین موارد اختلاف میان حقوق ایران و حقوق کشورهای انگلیس فرانسه و آلمان است. در این مقاله به اعتبار وضعیتِ تعارض منافع خریدارِ با حسن نیت و مالک ، رویکرد اصلی تبیین نقش حسن نیت در تملک اموال است. در سایه ی تحلیل تطبیقیِ نقش سازنده حسن نیت در معاملات و رویکرد نظام‌های حقوقی مختلف، معیارهای اساسی انتخاب قاعده مطلوب نمایان می گردد. فاکتور اساسی در حل تعارض میان منافع مالک و شخص اصیل و چگونگی شناسایی قاعده مطلوب در حمایت از خریدار با حسن نیت، با تکیه بر مبانی در نظام‌های حقوقی متفاوت است. از یک سو ویژگی مشترک حقوق انگلیس،فرانسه و آلمان پیش بینی انتقال مالکیت به موجب برخی از مصادیق معاملات فضولی مبتنی بر حسن نیت می باشد و از سوی دیگر اختلاف در قوانین و دکترین موجود در فضای حقوقی کشورها و همچنین رویه قضایی متشتت، موضوع مورد مطالعه را در بحث های تطبیقی پیچیده می سازد. پس از بررسی و تحلیل خاستگاه اصلی در خصوص وضع قوانین مرتبط با معاملات مبتنی بر حسن نیت برای اروپا، از دریچه حقوق اقتصادی(به عبارت بهتر تحلیل-های اقتصادی-حقوقی منطبق بر ضرورت های تجاری) فاکتورهای اساسی در شناسایی قاعده مطلوب، احکام معاملات واقع شده و ضرورت اتخاذ چنین دیدگاه‌هایی مستدلاً تشریع میگردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات



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7-4. قوانین و مقررات
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The Uniform Sale of Goods Act, Institute of Law Research and Reform, Edmonton, Alberta, 1982.
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7-5. پرونده‌ها
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